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Best Quality Lpi 702-100 Exam Questions
The Linux Professional Institute BSD Installation and Software Management 702 (LPI 702-100) exam is a certification program designed to test the knowledge and skills of IT professionals in the area of BSD installation and software management. 702-100 exam is ideal for those who are interested in pursuing a career in the IT field or looking to validate their skills in BSD installation and software management.
Lpi 702-100 Certification Exam is a valuable certification for IT professionals looking to demonstrate their expertise in BSD installation and software management. By passing the exam, candidates can validate their skills and knowledge and gain a valuable credential that can help them advance in their careers.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following tar options handle compression'? (Choose TWO correct answers)
- A. -v
- B. -z
- C. -J
- D. -x
- E. -c
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
The tar command is used to create or extract compressed archive files on BSD systems. It can handle various compression formats, such as gzip, bzip2, xz, and lzma. The tar command takes different options to specify the compression type, such as -z for gzip, -j for bzip2, -J for xz, and -Z for lzma. The other options are not related to compression, but to other functions of the tar command, such as -x for extracting, -c for creating, and -v for verbose output. References:
[tar(1) - OpenBSD manual pages]
[FreeBSD Handbook - Chapter 3. Unix Basics]
[FreeBSD Handbook - Chapter 18. Storage]
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which syslog configuration line sends all messages from the auth facility to the remote syslog server logger.
example. org'?
- A. auth.*:logger.example.org
- B. auth.* |logger.example.org
- C. auth.* logger.example.org:auth
- D. auth.* @logger.example.org
- E. auth.* syslog://logger.example.org/
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct configuration line for sending all messages from the auth facility to a remote syslog server is auth.* @logger.example.org. In syslog configuration, the auth.* specifies the facility and priority, where auth is the facility for security/authorization messages, and * represents all priorities. The @ symbol is used to indicate that the messages are to be sent to a remote server, followed by the hostname of the remote syslog server. References:
FreeBSD Handbook - Logging
Linux Professional Institute BSD Specialist Exam Objectives
NEW QUESTION # 23
What FreeBSD and NetBSD command manages services started at boot time? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)
Answer:
Explanation:
sysrc
Explanation
The sysrc command is used in FreeBSD and NetBSD to manage system-wide daemon and service settings, including those that are started at boot time. It allows administrators to safely edit system rc files, such as /etc/rc.conf, where services to be started at boot time are specified1.
References:
FreeBSD Handbook - rc.conf
FreeBSD Man Pages - sysrc
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which command locks the user account bob on a FreeBSD system?
- A. usermod lock bob
- B. pw lock bob
- C. lockuser bob
- D. audit_user -1 bob
- E. vipw lock bob
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The pw utility is a command-line utility for the FreeBSD system user and group files, allowing the superuser an easy way of adding, modifying and removing users and groups. To lock a user account on a FreeBSD system, the pw lock command can be used with the username as an argument. This will prevent the user from logging in orchanging their password. To unlock a user account, the pw unlock command can be used with the username as an argument. This will restore the user's access to the system. References:
FreeBSD locking an account - nixCraft
FreeBSD: How To Add, Delete Or Modify Users
How to: FreeBSD User Administration - Atlantic.Net
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following commands installs binary packages on OpenBSD?
- A. pkgbin
- B. port add
- C. portinst
- D. pkg_add
- E. pkg install
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following commands can be used to connect to a remote TCP service?
- A. service
- B. netcat
- C. listen
- D. portstat
- E. connect
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The command netcat is a versatile networking utility that can be used to read from and write to network connections using TCP or UDP protocols. It is often used for debugging and investigating the network and can be used to connect to a remote TCP service.
References:
BSD Specialist Exam 702 Objectives - Linux Professional Institute
FreeBSD Handbook - Networking
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which device stands for the first BSD disk slice in the disk label on the first partition on the second SATA disk on OpenBSD?
- A. /dev/sdla
- B. /dev/d2sl
- C. /dev/sata2a
- D. /dev/slld2
- E. /dev/sdlp2d
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the BSD disklabel documentation1, the device name for a BSD disk slice consists of three parts:
the disk name, the partition letter, and the slice number. The disk name is determined by the driver and the order of detection, and it usually follows the pattern of sdX, where X is a letter from a to z. The partition letter is a lowercase letter from a to p, excluding c, which is reserved for the whole disk. The slice number is a decimal number from 0 to 15, indicating the MBR partition that contains the BSD disklabel. Therefore, the device name for the first BSD disk slice in the disk label on the first partition on the second SATA disk on OpenBSD is /dev/sdlp2d, where sdl is the disk name, p is the partition letter, and 2 is the slice number.
References1: BSD disklabel - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which of the following excerpts is a valid if condition in the Bourne shell?
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The excerpt C is a valid if condition in the Bourne shell because it uses the correct syntax and operators for the test command. The syntax of the if statement in the Bourne shell is:
if test-commands; then consequent-commands; [elif more-test-commands; then more-consequents;] [else alternate-consequents;] fi The test-commands are any commands that return a status of 0 (true) or non-zero (false). The test command is a common way to perform various tests on files, strings, and numbers. The test command has the following format:
test expression
The expression consists of one or more primaries, which are unary or binary operators that evaluate to true or false. The primaries can be combined with the following operators:
! expression: Logical NOT expression -a expression: Logical AND expression -o expression: Logical OR ( expression ): Parentheses for grouping The excerpt C uses the test command with the following expression:
"$var" = "test"
This expression tests if the value of the variable $var is equal to the string "test". The = operator is a string comparison operator that returns true if the strings are equal. The double quotes around the variable and the string are used to prevent word splitting and globbing by the shell. The spaces around the operator are also required by the test command.
The excerpt C also uses the correct syntax for the then and fi keywords, which mark the beginning and the end of the if statement. The then keyword must be on the same line as the test command, or on a new line after a semicolon. The fi keyword must be on a new line.
The other excerpts are invalid for various reasons:
The excerpt A uses the && operator instead of the -a operator for logical AND. The && operator is a shell operator that executes the second command only if the first command succeeds. The test command does not recognize the && operator as a valid argument. The excerpt A also uses the != operator instead of the -ne operator for numeric comparison. The != operator is a string comparison operator that returns true if the strings are not equal. The -ne operator is a numeric comparison operator that returns true if the numbers are not equal.
The excerpt B uses the [ [ construct instead of the test command. The [ [ construct is a shell keyword that performs conditional expressions similar to the test command, but with some extensions and differences. The [ [ construct is not part of the POSIX standard and is not supported by all shells. The Bourne shell does not support the [ [ construct, and will treat it as a command name. The excerpt B also uses the wrong syntax for the then keyword, which must be on a new line or after a semicolon.
The excerpt D uses the wrong syntax for the test command, which requires a space after the opening bracket and before the closing bracket. The excerpt D also uses the wrong syntax for the fi keyword, which must be on a new line.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which FreeBSD command created the following output?
Id Refs Address Size Name
1 17 0xc0400000 2fad00 kernel
2 1 0xc0740000 595a4 acpi.ko
3 1 0xc49be000 6000 linprocfs.ko
4 1 0xc4al7000 16000 linux.ko
- A. kldstat
- B. cat 1Km.conf
- C. procstat
- D. lsmod
- E. modstat
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The command that generates the output showing kernel module IDs, reference counts, addresses, sizes, and names iskldstatin FreeBSD. This command is used to display thestatus of loaded kernel modules, including those loaded dynamically. The output format shown in the question is characteristic ofkldstat, where it lists the kernel modules currently loaded into the system's memory along with their respective details.
References:
FreeBSD Handbook or Manual Pages (man pages), specifically the section on kernel modules and the kldstatcommand.
Linux Professional Institute BSD Specialist resources, which cover FreeBSD commands and utilities, including those for managing kernel modules.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following chmod commands changes the permission of the file text. txt to 750?
- A. chmod -u rw -g rx -o - text.txt
- B. chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o= text.txt
- C. chmod text.txt=u:rw,g:r,o:r
- D. chmod user:rw, group:r, other:x
- E. chmod text.txt 750
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
Permissions involve read, write, and execute roles that can be assigned to the owner, a group, or other users1.To use the chmod command, you must specify the permission you want to set and the file or directory you want to modify1.For example,chmod +rwx filenameto add permissions,chmod -rwx directorynameto remove permissions, orchmod +x filenameto allow executable permissions2.
There are two ways to specify the permissions with the chmod command: symbolic notation and numeric notation1.Symbolic notation uses letters and symbols to represent the user classes and the permissions1.Numeric notation uses octal numbers (0-7) to represent the permissions for each user class1.Each octal digit corresponds to a combination of read , write (w), and execute (x) permissions, as shown in the table below3:
Octal digit
Binary representation
Permissions
0
000
-
1
001
-x
2
010
-w-
3
011
-wx
4
100
r-
5
101
r-x
6
110
rw-
7
111
rwx
To use numeric notation, you need to provide three octal digits, one for each user class (owner, group, and others)1.For example,chmod 644 filenamemeans that the owner has read and write permissions (6), the group has read permissions (4), and others have read permissions (4)1.
In this question, the desired permission for the file text.txt is 750, which means that the owner has read, write, and execute permissions (7), the group has read and execute permissions (5), and others have no permissions (0)1. Therefore, the correct chmod command to change the permission of the file text.txt to 750 ischmod text.txt 750.
References:1: Chmod Command in Linux (File Permissions) | Linuxize2: How to change directory permissions in Linux | Pluralsight3: How to Use the chmod Command on Linux - How-To Geek
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which of the following commands initializes ZFS on a number of block devices?
- A. mkfs -t zfs
- B. zfsload -i
- C. newzfs
- D. zpoo1 create
- E. zfs init
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The zpool create command is used to initialize ZFS on one or more block devices and create a storage pool. A storage pool is a collection of devices that provide physical storage and data replication for ZFS datasets. The zpool create command takes the name of the pool and the devices to be added as arguments. For example, zpool create mypool c0t0d0 c0t1d0 c0t2d0 would create a pool named mypool with three devices. The other options are either invalid or do not initialize ZFS. References: 1:
https://www.comptia.org/training/books/a-core-1-220-1101-study-guide, page 302 2:
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/819-5461/gbchx/index.html, section "Creating a ZFS Storage Pool"
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following programs can be used to enumerate all responsive hosts on a subnet?
- A. nmap
- B. traceroute
- C. netstat
- D. rtso1
- E. route
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Nmap is a program that can be used to enumerate all responsive hosts on a subnet. Nmap stands for Network Mapper, and it is a tool that can perform network discovery, port scanning, service detection, vulnerability assessment, and more. Nmap can send different types of packets to probe the hosts on a subnet and determine which ones are alive and what services they are running. Nmap can also perform OS fingerprinting, which can identify the operating system of the target hosts. Nmap has many options and features that can customize the scan according to the user's needs and preferences. The other programs are not suitable for enumerating all responsive hosts on a subnet, because:
A: traceroute: This program is used to trace the route of packets from the source host to the destination host. It can show the intermediate hops and the latency of each hop. However, it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are on the path to the destination.
B: netstat: This program is used to display the status of network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, and more. It can show the local and remote addresses and ports of the active connections, but it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are connected to the local host.
D: rtso1: This is not a valid program name, but it may be a typo for rtso, which is a program that can perform TCP SYN scanning. However, this program is not as versatile and powerful as nmap, and it can only scan TCP ports, not UDP or other protocols.
E: route: This program is used to manipulate the routing table, which is used to determine the next hop for a packet based on its destination address. It can show the destination, gateway, interface, and flags of each route, but it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are reachable via a specific gateway. References: 6: https://nmap.org/book/man.html 7:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=traceroute&sektion=8 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&sektion=1 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rtso&sektion=1 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route&sektion=8
NEW QUESTION # 33
A file called mybackup is found while investigating a USB pen drive. Which utility can be used to determine the kind of data that is contained in that file?
- A. tar -t mybackup
- B. whatis mybackup
- C. file mybackup
- D. Is -1 mybackup
- E. touch mybackup
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The file command is used to determine the type of data contained in a computer file. It performs a series of tests on the file and prints a description of the file type based on the first successful test. The file command can take one or more file names as its arguments. For example, file mybackup will display the file type of mybackup. The other options are not valid commands for finding the file type. References:
file command in Linux with examples
file (command) - Wikipedia
Linux File Command
NEW QUESTION # 34
While in the csh or tcsh shell, which command changes the timezone environment variable to GMT?
- A. environ TZ GMT
- B. env TZ=GMT
- C. export TZ=GMT
- D. TZ=GMT; export TZ
- E. setenv TZ GMT
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
The setenv command is used to set an environment variable in the csh or tcsh shell. The syntax is setenv VAR VALUE, where VAR is the name of the variable and VALUE is the value to assign to it. The TZ variable is used to specify the timezone for the shell and its subprocesses. To set the timezone to GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), the command is setenv TZ GMT. This will affect the output of commands like date and ls that display time information. The other options are either invalid syntax or belong to other shells, such as bash or sh.
References:
setenv - Linux setenv command help and examples1
TZ - FreeBSD Environment Variables2
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following lines stems from an ARP table?
- A. 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.my.domain
- B. tcp4 0 0 192.168.122.11.22 192.168.122.1.38058 ESTABLISHED
- C. ? (192.168.122.1) at 52:54:00: a3:4e: 0e on em0
- D. inet 192.168.122.11 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.122.255
- E. localhost link#2 UH lo0
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
This line stems from an ARP table because it shows the association between an IP address (192.168.122.1) and a MAC address (52:54:00: a3:4e: 0e) on a network interface (em0). ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol, which is used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses on a local network. An ARP table is a list of these mappings that is maintained by each host on the network. The other lines are not from an ARP table, but from different sources, such as:
B: inet 192.168.122.11 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.122.255: This line is from the output of the ifconfig command, which displays the configuration of network interfaces. It shows the IP address, netmask, and broadcast address of the interface.
C: 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.my.domain: This line is from the /etc/hosts file, which is used to map hostnames to IP addresses. It shows that the loopback address (127.0.0.1) is associated with the hostname localhost and the fully qualified domain name localhost.my.domain.
D: tcp4 0 0 192.168.122.11.22 192.168.122.1.38058 ESTABLISHED: This line is from the output of the netstat command, which displays the status of network connections. It shows that there is an established TCP connection between the local host (192.168.122.11) on port 22 and the remote host (192.168.122.1) on port 38058.
E: localhost link#2 UH lo0: This line is from the output of the route command, which displays the routing table. It shows that the destination localhost is reachable via the link layer interface lo0, which is the loopback interface. The UH flags indicate that the route is up and uses a host-specific gateway. References: 1: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/network-arp/ 2:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8 3:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hosts&sektion=5 4:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&sektion=1 5:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route&sektion=8
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the following commands is used to set the FreeBSD security level?
- A. secleve1
- B. setleve1
- C. security
- D. slct1
- E. sysct1
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
The sysctl command is used to set and get kernel state variables, including the FreeBSD security level. The security level is a variable named kern.securelevel, which can have values from -1 to 3, with higher values indicating more restrictions. The security level can only be increased, not decreased, unless the system is rebooted or in single-user mode. The security level affects various operations, such as loading kernel modules, changing immutable flags on files, and modifying device nodes12 References: 1:
https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/security/#security-basics-securelevels 2:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which command and option can be used to perform a reverse DNS lookup?
- A. dig -x
- B. nsupdate -r
- C. dnssec -check
- D. host -reverse
- E. rdns -1
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
This command and option can be used to perform a reverse DNS lookup, which is the process of finding the domain name or hostname associated with an IP address. The dig command is a tool that can query DNS servers for various types of records, such as A, MX, NS, PTR, etc. The -x option tells dig to perform a reverse DNS lookup by sending a PTR query to the DNS server. For example, to perform a reverse DNS lookup for the IP address 8.8.8.8, the following command can be used:
dig -x 8.8.8.8
The output of this command will show the PTR record for 8.8.8.8, which is dns.google. This means that the hostname for 8.8.8.8 is dns.google. Reverse DNS lookups are useful for verifying the identity of a host, checking for mail server configuration, or troubleshooting network problems
NEW QUESTION # 38
How often does? match the preceding expression in a regular expression?
- A. Two or more times
- B. One or more times
- C. Exactly one time
- D. Any number of times
- E. Zero or one times
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
The question mark (?) is a special character in regular expressions that modifies the preceding expression to match zero or one times. For example, the regular expression colou?r matches both color and colour, but not colouur or colr. The question mark is also used to make an expression non-greedy, meaning that it will match the shortest possible string instead of the longest. For example, the regular expression <.?> matches the first pair of angle brackets in a string, while <.> matches the entire string enclosed by the outermost pair of angle brackets. References:
Regular expression - Wikipedia, section "Basic concepts"
How to write Regular Expressions? - GeeksforGeeks, section "Special Characters"
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which command shows all processes owned by the user bob?
- A. last -p bob
- B. pgrep -u bob
- C. who -1 bob
- D. ps -o -a bob
- E. top bob
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The pgrep command is used to find processes by various criteria, such as user name, group name, process ID, command name, etc. The -u option specifies the user name or user ID to match. Therefore, the command pgrep
-u bob will show all processes owned by the user bob. The output will be a list of process IDs, one per line. To show more information about the processes, such as command name, arguments, state, etc., the -l, -a, and -f options can be used. For example, the command pgrep -l -u bob will show the process ID and the command name for each process owned by bob. References:
pgrep - FreeBSD, the manual page for the pgrep command on FreeBSD.
How to use pgrep and pkill commands in Linux - Linuxize, a tutorial on how to use the pgrep and pkill commands in Linux.
NEW QUESTION # 40
What directory holds the ports collection on FreeBSD? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
- A. /tmp/ports/
- B. /var/db/packages/
- C. /ports/
- D. /usr/ports/
- E. /usr/local/pkg/
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
Explanation
The ports collection on FreeBSD is a package management system that allows users to install third-party software from source or binary packages. The ports collection is stored in the /usr/ports/ directory, which contains subdirectories for different categories of software, such as archivers, databases, editors, etc. Each subdirectory contains one or more ports, which are directories that contain the files needed to build and install the software. The /usr/ports/ directory can be updated with the portsnap command34 Binary packages are pre-compiled versions of the ports that can be installed with the pkg command. Binary packages are downloaded from the FreeBSD package repository,which is hosted at pkg.freebsd.org. The packages are installed in the /usr/local/ directory by default, and the information about the installed packages is stored in the /usr/local/pkg/ directory. The /usr/local/pkg/ directory contains files with the .db extension, which are SQLite databases that store the metadata of the packages. The pkg command can query and manipulate these databases56 References: 3: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/ports/ 4:
https://www.freebsd.org/ports/ 5: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/pkgng-intro/ 6:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&sektion=8
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which command shows the current user's group memberships?
- A. groups
- B. ident
- C. group
- D. who
- E. showuser
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The groups command is used to show the current user's group memberships on BSD systems. The command prints the names of the primary and secondary groups that the user belongs to, separated by spaces. The primary group is the one that is assigned to new files and directories created by the user. The secondary groups are the ones that grant additional permissions or access to the user. For example, the output of groups for a user named alice might look like this:
alice wheel staff
This means that alice's primary group is alice, and her secondary groups are wheel and staff. The wheel group is typically used for granting administrative privileges, such as using the su or sudo commands. The staff group might be used for granting access to certain resources or directories that are shared by a group of users.
The other options are either invalid commands or do not show the user's group memberships. For example, group is not a valid command, ident is used to query an ident protocol server, showuser is not a valid command, and who is used to show who is logged on the system.
References:
groups - FreeBSD groups(1) Manual Page1
Group Management - FreeBSD Handbook2
NEW QUESTION # 42
What file contains the configuration for the network interface em0on an OpenBSD system'? (Specify the full name of the file, including path.)
Answer:
Explanation:
/etc/hostname.em0
Explanation
The file /etc/hostname.em0 contains the configuration for the network interface em0 on an OpenBSD system.
This file specifies the IP address, netmask, gateway, and other options for the interface. The file is read by the netstart script during boot or when the interface is restarted. The file name is derived from the interface name, which is usually based on the driver name and the device number. For example, em0 is the first interface using the em driver, which supports Intel PRO/1000 network adapters.
References:
Networking | OpenBSD Handbook
[hostname.if(5) - OpenBSD manual pages]
NEW QUESTION # 43
What file contains values for MIBs which are set during system startup? (Specify the full name of the file, including path.)
Answer:
Explanation:
/etc/rc.conf
Explanation
The file /etc/rc.conf contains values for Management Information Bases (MIBs) which are set during system startup. This file is used to configure system-wide settings, including the enabling and disabling of services, network settings, and other startup configurations2.
References:
FreeBSD Handbook - The FreeBSD Booting Process
NEW QUESTION # 44
......
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